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1. Define and describe the mechanism of action and therapeutic effect of each class of drugs.
2. Evaluate new therapeutic agents utilizing pharmacological principles.
3. Discuss the dental implications of each drug classification and how these implications affect and modify dental hygiene care.
4. List factors that influence the pharmacokinetics of drugs.
5. Describe adverse reactions and general methods of toxicity prevention.
6. Describe the mechanism and classification of drug interactions.
7. List the sources of drug information and demonstrate the use of these sources.
8. List the routes of drug administration.
9. Identify and define the parts of a prescription.
10. List common abbreviations, nomenclature and measurement systems used in prescription writing.
11. Identify the regulatory agencies and laws pertaining to prescribing and use of drugs.
12. Describe the dental implications of drug abuse and the possible modifications to patient management.
13. Recognize and describe the management of medical emergency situations resulting from the administration and/or use of drugs.
14. Describe common oral conditions and list the medications used to treat these conditions.
15. List common medications and the usual dosage forms used in dentistry.
16. Provide appropriate instructions for compliance to patient taking common medications used in dentistry.
17. List the forms of medications and the usual dosage form used in dentistry.
18. Discuss medications regarding the pregnant or lactating patient.
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1. General Principles
A.Pharmacology for the dental hygienist
B.Critical review of drug information
C.Sources of drug information
D.Drug related web and software based information sources
E.Drug nomenclature
F.State and Federal regulation
2. Prescription Writing
A.Metric and traditional system
B.Abbreviations
C.Parts of the prescription
D.Drug regulation
E.Drug abusers/abuse potential
3. Characterization of Drug Action
A.Biochemical actions
B.Physiologic effects
C.Organ system effects
D.Dose-effect curve
1. Potency
2. Efficacy
4. Mechanism of Drug Action
A.Nerve transmission
B.Receptors
5. Drug Administration and Dosage
A. Routes of drug administration
1. Enteral
2. Oral
3. Rectal
B. Dosage forms
1. Forms available
2. Usual dosage forms in dentistry
6. Pharmacokinetics
A.Passage across body membranes
B.Absorption
C.Distribution
D. Half-Life
E.Blood-brain barrier
F.Redistribution
G.Metabolism (biotransformation)
H.Excretion
I.Factors that alter drug effects
1. Adult and pediatric dosage calculation
2. Age
3. Disease states
7. Adverse Reactions
A.Definitions and classifications
B.Clinical manifestation of adverse reactions
C.Local effect
D.Drug interactions
E.Allergic reactions
F.Idiosyncrasy
G.Toxicological evaluation
8. Medical Emergencies and Pharmacology in the Dental Office
A. Emergency kit
1. Equipment
2. Specific drugs and clinical uses
B. Emergency management policies and protocol
9. Pharmacology and the Peripheral Nervous System
A.Sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nervous system review
B. Adrenergic and anti-adrenergic drugs
C. Cholinergic and anti-cholinergic drugs
D. Ganglionic drugs
E. Neuromuscular blocking drugs
F.Dental implications
10. Pharmacology and the Central Nervous System
A. Anticonvulsant drugs
B. Drug interactions
C.General anesthetics
D.Ethanol
E.Dental implications
11. Psychotherapeutic Pharmacology
A.Antipsychotic drugs
B.Antidepressive drugs
C.Antianxiety agents
D.Dental implications
12. Pharmacology and Pain Control
A.Opiod (narcotic) analgesics
1.Sedative-hypnotic agents
2. Acute narcotic poisoning
3. Narcotic antagonists
B.Non-Opiod (non-narcotic) analgesic
1.Salicylates
2. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
3. Acetaminophen
4. Local anesthetics
C.Dental implications
13. Pharmacology of Heart Medications
A.Cardiac glycosides
B.Treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF)
C.Cardiac function
D.Vasodilator therapy
E.Antiarrhythmic and antianginal drugs
F.Dental implications
14. Pharmacology and the Vascular and Renal system
A.Diuretics
B.Electrolytes
C.Antihypertensive drugs (centrally and peripherally acting)
D.Anticoagulants and coagulants
E.Antihyperlipidemic agents
F. Dental implications
15. Pharmacology and the Respiratory System
A.Antiallergic and antihistaminic drugs
B.Bronchodilators
C.Anti-inflammatory drugs
D.Treatment of asthma
E.Dental implications
16. Pharmacology and the Gastro-Intestinal Tract
A.Antiulcer therapy
B.Antidiarrheals
C.Laxatives and cathartics
D. Dental implications
17. Pharmacology and the Endocrine System
A.Adrenocorticosteroids
B.Hormones
C.Diabetes therapy
D.Oral contraceptives
E.Thyroid drugs
F.Dental implications
18. Pharmacology and Infectious Disease
A.Antibiotic therapy
B.Antibiotic prophylaxis
C.Antimicrobial agents
D.Antifungal agents
E.Antiviral and antiprotozoal drugs
F.Antiseptics and disinfectants
G.Dental implications
19. Antineoplastic agents and Dental Implications
20. Pharmacology and the Immune System
A.Aids/HIV
B.Immunopharmacology
C.Anti-inflammatory agents
D. Dental implications
21. Herbs, Homeopathy, Alternative Medicine and OTC's
A.Vitamins and minerals
B.Herbal treatments
C.Homeopathic treatment
D.Biological basis for alternative therapies
E.Over-the-counter (OTC) medications
F.Oral health care products
G.Dental implications
22. Common Drugs used in Dentistry
23. Common Oral Conditions and Medications used in their Treatment
24. Pharmacology and Pregnancy
A.Fetal development
B.Lactation
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Oral Pharmacology for the Dental Hygienist, M. Weinberg, C. Westphal-Theile, J. Burke Fine. 2nd Edition, 2012, Pearson
Instructor prepared materials