12/8/2024 2:14:37 PM	RADT 63B Course Outline as of Fall 2024	Changed Course
CATALOG INFORMATION
Discipline and Nbr:  RADT 63B	Title:  RADIOBIOLOGY/RAD PROTECT
Full Title:  Radiobiology, Radiation Protection, and Quality Control
Last Reviewed:9/25/2023

Units		Course Hours per Week			Nbr of Weeks	Course Hours Total
Maximum	3.00	Lecture Scheduled	2.00		17.5 max.	Lecture Scheduled	35.00
Minimum	3.00	Lab Scheduled	3.00		17.5 min.	Lab Scheduled	52.50
		Contact DHR	0			Contact DHR	0
		Contact Total	5.00			Contact Total	87.50
		Non-contact DHR	0			Non-contact DHR Total	0

Total Out of Class Hours:  70.00

Total Student Learning Hours: 157.50

Title 5 Category:  AA Degree Applicable
Grading:  Grade Only
Repeatability:  00 - Two Repeats if Grade was D, F, NC, or NP
Also Listed As: 
Formerly: 

Catalog Description:

In this course, students will learn principles of radiobiology, the short and long-term health effects of radiation, and health physics. Students will also be introduced to fluoroscopy, quality control, and radiation protection procedures and design.

Prerequisites/Corequisites:
Course Completion of RADT 63A

Recommended Preparation:

Limits on Enrollment:
Acceptance to Program

Schedule of Classes Information
Description:

In this course, students will learn principles of radiobiology, the short and long-term health effects of radiation, and health physics. Students will also be introduced to fluoroscopy, quality control, and radiation protection procedures and design.

(Grade Only)
Prerequisites:Course Completion of RADT 63A
Recommended:
Limits on Enrollment:Acceptance to Program
Transfer Credit:CSU;
Repeatability:00 - Two Repeats if Grade was D, F, NC, or NP

ARTICULATION, MAJOR, and CERTIFICATION INFORMATION

Associate Degree:		Effective:		Inactive:
Area:
CSU GE:	Transfer Area			Effective:	Inactive:
IGETC:	Transfer Area			Effective:	Inactive:
CSU Transfer:	Transferable	Effective:	Fall 1981	Inactive:
UC Transfer:		Effective:		Inactive:
C-ID:

Certificate/Major Applicable: Both Certificate and Major Applicable

COURSE CONTENT

Student Learning Outcomes:
At the conclusion of this course, the student should be able to:

1. Explain the effects of radiation exposure on human tissues.

2. Implement effective measures of radiation protection in any radiology department.

3. Evaluate the performance of radiographic systems in relation to radiation safety.

 

Objectives:

At the conclusion of this course, the student should be able to:

1. Define quality assurance and quality control.

2. Identify the early and late effects of radiation.

3. Differentiate between early and late effects of radiation.

4. Evaluate the radiosensitivity of tissues and organs.

5. Identify various stages of cell division, proliferation, and cancer induction.

6. Describe the processes of mitosis and meiosis.  

7. Explain the cardinal principles of radiation protection.

8. List, discuss, and explain the long- and short-term hazards of radiation to human beings.

9. Explain the cardinal principles of radiation protection.

10. Discuss the ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) principle.    

11. Describe the radiation dose-response relationship.      

12. Describe the three acute radiation syndromes.

13. Explain the theories and list the methods for radiation protection of medical personnel and patients.

14. List all of the State and National Radiation Health and Safety regulations for radiologic technology personnel.

15. List the fundamental principles of fluoroscopy and their impact on radiation protection.

16. Explain the room design for radiation protection.

Topics and Scope

Lecture-Related Topics & Scope:

I. Human Response to Radiation

    A. Cell theory

    B. Molecular composition

    C. Tissues and organs

II. Biologic Aspects

    A. Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau

    B. Radiation responses

    C. Dose response relationships

    D. Biological factors in radiosensitivity

    E. Genetic impact

    F. Embryonic and fetal risks

    G. Somatic effects

III. Irradiation of Macromolecules

    A. Point lesions

    B. Macromolecular synthesis

    C. Radiation effects on DNA

    D. Cell recovery

IV. Linear Energy Transfer

V.  Relative Biological Effectiveness

VI. Acute Radiation Lethality

    A. Prodromal period

    B. Hematologic syndrome

    C. Gastrointestinal syndrome

    D. Central nervous system syndrome

    E. Mean survival time

    F. Local tissue damage

    G. Hematologic effects

    H. Cytogenetic effects

    I. Late effects of radiation exposure

    J. Early effects of radiation exposure

VII. Minimizing Patient Exposure

    A. Exposure factors

    B. Shielding

    C. Beam restriction

    D. Filtration

    E. Patient considerations

    F. Dose documentation

    G. Image receptors

    H. Grids

    I. Fluoroscopy

    J. Dose area product

VIII. Radiation Health Physics

    A. ALARA principle

    B. Pregnancy policy

    C. Occupational dose

    D. Patient exposure dose

    E. General public exposure dose

    F. Ethical considerations

IX. Personnel Protection

    A. Sources of exposure

         1. Primary beam

         2. Secondary radiation

    B. Methods of protection - time, distance, and shielding

    C. Protective devices

    D. Special considerations

         1. Mobile units

         2. Fluoroscopic

    E. Radiation exposure and monitoring

    F. Handling radioactive materials

    G. Designing for radiation protection

X. Quality Control

    A. Radiographic

    B. Fluoroscopic

    C. Computerized tomography

XI. Quality Assurance Procedure Regulations/Dose Limits

    A. Federal Regulatory Agency

    B. California Department of Public Health

    C. California Code of Regulations Title 17

 

Lab-Related Topics & Scope:

XII. Laboratory Experiments

    A. Radiographic quality control

         1. Coincidence of x-ray beam and light field

         2. kVp accuracy

          3. Source image receptor distance indicator

         4. Timer accuracy

         5. Focal spot accuracy

         6. Exposure linearity

         7. Exposure reproducibility

    B. Verification of the new mAs formula

    C. Reduction of patient exposure

    D. Inverse Square Law

    E. Occupational exposure reduction

    F. Radiation protection

         1. Time, distance, and shielding

         2. Protective devices: aprons, gloves, thyroid shields, and gonadal shielding

         3. Collimation

    G. Automatic exposure control

    H. Digital imaging

         1. Technical factors

         2. Image artifacts

         3. Processing algorithms

         4. Processing histograms

    I. Grids

    J. Collimation

    K. Control of scatter radiation

    L. Fluoroscopy

         1. Operation

         2. Radiation protection

              a. Patient

              b. Occupational

         3. Image lag

         4. Quality control

              a. Technical factors

              b. Dead man switch

              c. Collimation

              d. Gloves, aprons, and thyroid shields

Assignments:

Lecture-Related Assignments:    

1. Participation in class discussion

2. Weekly chapter reading (10-40 pages/week)   

3. Quizzes (10), mid-term exam (1), and written final exam (1)

 

Lab-Related Assignments:    

1. Complete weekly lab reports on x-ray production, x-ray emission, technique factor manipulation, image quality and radiation protection.

2. Completion of ALARA project (1)    

3. Final lab exam (1)

4. Weekly chapter assignments

Methods of Evaluation/Basis of Grade.

Writing: Assessment tools that demonstrate writing skill and/or require students to select, organize and explain ideas in writing.		Writing 0 - 10%
Lab reports; weekly chapter assignments
This is a degree applicable course but assessment tools based on writing are not included because skill demonstrations are more appropriate for this course.
Problem solving: Assessment tools, other than exams, that demonstrate competence in computational or non-computational problem solving skills.		Problem Solving 10 - 20%
ALARA project
Skill Demonstrations: All skill-based and physical demonstrations used for assessment purposes including skill performance exams.		Skill Demonstrations 10 - 20%
Final lab exam
Exams: All forms of formal testing, other than skill performance exams.		Exams 70 - 80%
Quizzes, mid-term exam, and written final exam
Other: Includes any assessment tools that do not logically fit into the above categories.		Other Category 0 - 5%
Participation

Representative Textbooks and Materials:

Radiologic Science for Technologists. 12th ed. Bushong, Stewart. Mosby. 2021.

Instructor-prepared material

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