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At the conclusion of this course, the student should be able to:
1. Design and operate an audio recording studio appropriate to the technological requirements
and budgetary restraints of a given project.
2. Explain the basics of recording studio design, including acoustical and electrical issues.
3. Describe and relate the history and development of analog and digital recording technology.
4. Demonstrate a working knowledge of the equipment, terminology, and activities associated
with the audio recording process.
5. Demonstrate proper selection, care, handling, and placement of microphones.
6. Demonstrate hands-on proficiency with professional recording equipment, including outboard
gear, patchbays, mixing boards, amplifiers, and speakers.
7. Explain and diagram signal flow in a recording console.
8. Record digital audio tracks with Pro Tools.
9. Demonstrate professionalism in a recording studio environment.
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Taught as fully integrated lecture/ lab
I. Introduction
A. Overview of the recording process
B. The role of audio recording in digital media
C. The roles of professional studio personnel
II. Studio Acoustics and Design
A. Studio types
1. The professional studio
2. The audio-for-visual production environment
3. The project studio
4. The portable studio
B. Control room acoustics and isolation
C. Controlling Room Acoustics
1. Reflection and absorption
2. Room modes
3. Standing waves
4. Flutter echoes
D. Power and grounding issues
1. Grounding guidelines
2. Balanced and unbalanced power
3. Power conditioning
III. Microphones
A. Microphone configurations
1. Dynamic
2. Ribbon
3. Condenser
B. Characteristics
1. Directional response
2. Frequency response
3. Transient response
4. Output
C. Preamps and phantom power
D. Microphone selection
E. Basics of microphone placement
1. Distant vs. close
2. Accent vs. ambient
F. Stereo miking techniques
1. Side-other-side (ORTF)
2. Mid/Side
3. X/Y
4. A/B
G. Surround miking techniques
H. Recording direct
I. Placement techniques for specific instruments
IV. Monitoring
A. Speaker basics
1. Room considerations
2. Speaker design
3. Crossover networks
4. Polarity
5. Powered vs. passive
B. Far-field vs. near-field monitoring
C. Headphones
D. Developing monitor mixes
V. A Brief Overview of Analog Recording
VI. The Theory of Digital Recording
A. Digital Audio Workstations (DAWS)
B. Technologies and formats
C. Quantization
D. Sample rate
E. Bit Depth
F. The Nyquist theorem
G. Dither
VII. A/D Convertors and Computer Audio Interfaces
VIII. The Audio Production Console
A. Channel strips
B. Busses and faders
C. Auxiliary and monitor sends
D. Pads and equalization
E. Patchbays and insert points
F. Automation
IX. Introduction to Pro Tools
A. Pro Tools systems
B. The Pro Tools file structure
C. The Pro Tools interface
1. Menu structure
2. Main windows
3. Tools
4. Edit mode features
5. Time scales and rulers
D. Working with sessions
1. Configuring sessions
2. Parameter settings
3. Adding, naming, and deleting tracks
4. The playback cursor and edit cursor
5. Saving, locating, and opening existing sessions
E. Audio recording in Pro Tools
X. Introduction to Signal Processing
XI. Standards of Professionalism in the Recording Environment
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Modern Recording Techniques. 9th ed. Huber, David Miles and Runstein, Robert. Routledge. 2017
The Recording Engineer's Handbook. 4th ed. Owinski, Bobby. BOMG Publishing. 2017
The Mixing Engineer's Handbook. 4th ed. Owinski, Bobby. Bobby Owsinski Media Group. 2017
Pro Tools 101 (Official courseware). Cook, Frank D. Cengage Learning PTR. 2013 (classic)
Instructor prepared materials