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Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to (with a
minimum of 90% accuracy):
1. Assess the medical history of the patient to determine the correct LA
(local anesthesia) agent, and if contraindicated, be able to recommend the
appropriate modification.
2. Recognize and assist in the management of any systemic complications
that may result from the administration of LA.
3. Adhere to infection control protocols for prevention of disease
transmission through demonstration of proper pre and post appointment
operatory preparation procedures, instrument re-circulation methods and
aseptic techniques.
4. Successfully assemble, disassemble and maintain the LA armamentarium.
5. Demonstrate safe practice with the LA armamentarium.
6. Demonstrate ability to recognize and select the proper needle size and
gauge.
7. Describe the anesthetic agents and vasoconstrictors uses in dentistry,
and discuss the rational for choosing certain agents.
8. Describe the topical anesthetic agents used in dentistry, and discuss
rational for choosing certain agents.
9. Calculate the maximum safe dosage of local anesthetic and
vasoconstrictor to be used.
10. Identify all anatomical landmarks on both a patient and
skull of the following injections: supraperiostial/local infiltration,
papillary infiltration, anterior superior alveolar nerve block, middle
superior alveolar nerve block, posterior superior alveolar nerve block,
infraorbital nerve block, greater palatine nerve block, nasopalatine nerve
block, inferior alveolar nerve block, lingual nerve block, long buccal
nerve block, mental nerve block, incisive nerve block.
11. Identify the nerve, teeth and soft tissue structures that are
anesthetized with all injections.
12. Successfully administer LA to a student partner and clinical patient,
always practicing a safe technique.
13. Identify the local complications that could result from the
administration of LA, and how to properly manage these complications.
14. Discuss the contraindications and indications for using nitrous
oxide/oxy, analgesia.
15. Discuss advantages, disadvantages, and complications associated with
use.
16. Review patient's medical history to decide their suitability to
receive nitrous oxide oxygen analgesia.
17. Recognize and describe the sign and symptoms of nitrous oxide
analgesia.
18. Recognize the complications that can manifest with undesirable levels
of nitrous oxide and how to manage the complications.
19. List the safety feature associated with the nitrous oxide/oxygen
equipment.
20. Successfully calculate the percentages of nitrous oxide and oxygen
from the tidal volume.
21. Successfully administer nitrous oxide/oxygen analgesia to a student
partner and clinical patient using titration to properly achieve a safe
level of sedation.
22. Monitor a patient during the administration of nitrous oxide/oxygen
analgesia and following sedation properly oxygenate for the recommended
time.
23. Successfully maintains honesty in actions and relationships involving
colleagues and members of the faculty, staff, fellow students, and
patients.
24. Demonstrates concern, respect and cooperation towards classmates,
patients, and staff.
25. Complies with stated safety regulations and dress code.
26. Maintains responsibility for assigned clinical duties.
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Designated hours are for both lecture and lab.
I. Continuing Clinical Procedures
a. Medical Histories
b. Emergency preparedness
c. Infection control
d. Patient assessments
II. Armamentarium
a. Cartridge
b. Needle
c. Preparation of Armamentarium
d. Break-down and disposal of Armamentarium
III. Anesthesia
a. Pharmacology
b. As an independent agent
c. As a pre-injection agent
d. Technique
e. Calculate maximum safe dose
IV. Anatomic Review of Oro-facial Structures
a. Maxillary arch
b. Mandibular arch
c. Nerves affected
V. Local Anesthetic Administration Techniquest of Manibular and
maxillary Injections.
VI. Complications and Their Management
VII. Emergency Management/CPR Review
VIII. Nitrous Oxide Conscious Sedation
a. Chemistry
b. Physiology
c. Pharmacology
d. Indications/contraindications
e. Advantages/disadvantages
f. Equipment
g. Scavenger systems
h. Hazards to personnel
i. Tidal volume
j. Technique for administration
k. Determining levels
l. Oxygenation at end of procedure
m. Complications and their management
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Darby, M. and Walsh, MM. (2003). Dental Hygiene Theory and Practice (2nd
ed). WB Saunders: Philadelphia.
Wynn R. L et al. (2002) Drug Information Handbook for Dentistry, 2003-2003
(9th ed).
