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Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
1. Design, construct, and use therapeutic gardening environments and
activities to meeting the needs of seniors and individuals with
disabilities.
2. Apply principles of adaptive horticulture to the creation of a safe and
accessible environment for horticultural therapy participants.
3. Analyze the adaptations and modifications in gardens, greenhouses, and
workspaces utilized by special needs populations in horticultural therapy
programming and apply to the creation and/or utilization of adaptive
gardens, tools, and equipment.
4. Assess the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requirements for an
identified horticultural structure and implement the necessary adaptations
in accordance with the ADA and universal design precautions.
5. Identify plant material that is successful for horticultural therapy
programs.
6. Compile resources, including equipment and materials, supplies, and
books/reference materials, for use in adaptive horticulture program
implementation.
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I. Introduction
A. Definitions related to adaptive horticulture
1. Adaptive - to change a structure to fit a new or special
use situation
2. Accessible - easily approached or entered
B. Settings for adaptive horticulture
1. Gardens
a. Traditional garden
b. Raised bed garden
c. Container garden
2. Greenhouses
C. Resources
1. The Americans with Disabilities Act
2. Universal design principles
II. Populations
A. Review of populations
1. Developmentally disabled
2. Older adults, geriatrics
3. Physically challenged
4. Children, at-risk youth
5. Mentally ill, disadvantaged
6. Individuals recovering from substance abuse
B. Specific adaptations
1. Communication tools
a. Individuals with hearing and sight impairments
b. Individuals lacking literacy skills
2. Location considerations
a. Site accessibility
b. Safety issues and concerns
III. Adaptive Garden Structures
A. Raised Beds Types and Use
1. Standard bed
2. Tabletop planter
3. Combination bed
2. Design and construction of one type of bed
B. Garden Containers
1. Types and Use
a. Vertical wall garden
b. Hanging basket garden
2. Demonstration of one type of container
IV. Accessible Garden Design Principles
A. Accessibility
1. Definition of accessible
2. Americans with Disabilities Act
B. Pathways
1. Accessibility requirements
a. Width requirements
b. Grading and slope
2. Surface materials for pathways
a. Various materials
b. Advantages, disadvantages of each
C. Elements of design
1. Accessibility of site
2. Incorporating containers and pathways
3. Maneuverability
4. Resources such as water and electricity
V. Adaptive tools and equipment
A. Types of tools and equipment
1. Hand tools
2. Digging tools
3. Planting tools
4. Pruning tools
B. Modifying existing tools and equipment
1. Handle extensions
2. Grip improvements to hand tools
C. Making an adaptive tool
1. Hand tool with recycled products
2. Planting tool with PVC pipe
D. Tools for specific populations
1. Which tool for which disability
2. What tool for what activity
3. Benefits obtained from each tool
E. Mobility Aids
1. Knee benches
2. Carts and wheelbarrows
3. Sitting benches
VI. Accessible Greenhouse Design
A. Structures
1. Potting benches
2. Storage containers
3. Standard benches
B. Therapeutic design
1. Greenhouse aisles
a. Accessibility requirements
b. Maneuverability
2. Greenhouse entrance way
a. Accessibility requirements
b. Accessible ramps
3. Interior design
a. Wheelchair accessible design
b. Classroom design
c. Production design
VII. Adaptive techniques
A. Activities appropriate for
1. Each population
2. Goal of group
3. Goal of program
B. Adaptations for specific populations
1. Identifying specific adaptation(s)
2. Identifying adaptive tools
3. Adapting activity for different individuals
VIII. Plant material
A. Recommended plants for bed and/or container
B. Recommended plants for therapeutic projects
IX. Resources
A. Books
B. Organizations
C. Suppliers
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The Enabling Garden: Creating Barrier-Free Gardens. Gene Rothert, HTR,
1994, Taylor Publishing Company.
Accessible Gardening: Tips and Techniques for Seniors and the Disabled.
Joann Woy, Stackpole Books, 1997.